Earthquake

An earthquake is a vibration or shock that occurs on the surface of the earth due to the release of energy from the sudden that creates seismic waves. Common Earthquake caused by movement of the Earth 's crust (plates of the Earth). The frequency of a region, based on the type and size of the Earth quakes occurred over a period of time. Earthquake measured with a seismometer. 

 

Moment magnitude is the most common scale on which earthquakes occur Earth for worldwide. Rickter Scale is a scale that is reported by national seismological observatories are measured on a scale of local magnitude 5 magnitude . both the same scale for their figures valid range. magnitude quake 3 or more predominately barely visible and her big 7 more potential to cause serious damage in a wide area, depending on the depth of the earthquake. The largest historic earthquake magnitude was over 9, although there is no limit in size. The last large earthquake magnitude 9.0 or larger was 9.0 magnitude earthquake in Japan in 2011 (as of March 2011), and it was the largest Japanese earthquake since records began. The intensity of the vibration measured on modified Mercalli intensity scale.

 

 

Waterfall

The waterfall is a geological formation of the currents of water flowing through a rock formation with erosion and falling down from a height. Artificial waterfall can be commonly used in the park. Some waterfalls form in mountain environments where erosion are common.

Process of Deserts

Desert weathering occurs due process by the help of weather variations between day and night temperatures are very sharp. Rocks that become very hot during the day and then shrink and broken because extremely cold temperatures at night. The weathering process takes place thousands of years, and some have been millions of years old, such as the Sahara Desert in North Africa.

The desert can also be caused by excessive soil water evaporation by the sun heating the land surface and the atmosphere tehadap. Though heating the atmosphere for a long time will minimize the possibility of rain (condensation). If it persists land becomes barren desert and then created.

Volcanic Eruption

 Volcanic eruptions is an event that occurs due to deposition in the bowels of the earth's magma is pushed out by a high-pressure gas.

Magma is incandescent fluid contained within the layers of the earth with a very high temperature, which is estimated at more than 1,000 ° C. Liquid magma that comes out of the earth is called lava. Temperatures could reach the lava issued 700-1200 ° C. Volcanic eruptions that brought rock and ash can gush as far as the radius of 18 km or more, while the lava could overwhelm the extent radius of 90 km.

Not all volcanoes erupt frequently. The volcano erupts frequently called an active volcano.

Volcano will erupt can be known through some signs, among others:

• Temperatures around the mountain riding.
• Springs into dry
• Often issued a roar, sometimes accompanied by vibration (earthquake)
• Wilted plants around the mountain
• Animals migrate around the mountain

Wind Wave

In fluid dynamics, wind waves or, more precisely, wind-generated waves are surface waves that occur on the free surface of oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and canals or even on small puddles and ponds. They usually result from the wind blowing over a vast enough stretch of fluid surface. Waves in the oceans can travel thousands of miles before reaching land. Wind waves range in size from small ripples to huge waves over 30 m high.
When directly generated and affected by local winds, a wind wave system is called a wind sea. After the wind ceases to blow, wind waves are called swells. More generally, a swell consists of wind-generated waves that are not or are hardly affected by the local wind at that time. They have been generated elsewhere or some time ago. Wind waves in the ocean are called ocean surface waves.
Wind waves have a certain amount of randomness: subsequent waves differ in height, duration, and shape with limited predictability. They can be described as a stochastic process, in combination with the physics governing their generation, growth, propagation and decay as well as governing the interdependence between flow quantities such as: the water surface movements, flow velocities and water pressure. The key statistics of wind waves (both seas and swells) in evolving sea states can be predicted with wind wave models.

Tornado

A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. They are often referred to as twisters or cyclones, although the word cyclone is used in meteorology, in a wider sense, to name any closed low pressure circulation. Tornadoes come in many shapes and sizes, but they are typically in the form of a visible condensation funnel, whose narrow end touches the earth and is often encircled by a cloud of debris and dust. Most tornadoes have wind speeds less than 110 miles per hour (177 km/h), are about 250 feet (76 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers) before dissipating. The most extreme tornadoes can attain wind speeds of more than 300 miles per hour (483 km/h), stretch more than two miles (3.2 km) across, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km).

Whirlpool

Whirlpool is a swirling body of water, usually produced by ocean tides. Most large whirlpools are not very strong; extremely strong hand called Maelstrom. Vortex is the proper term for any whirlpool that emanate down. very small whirlpool easily observed in the bath tub or sink drain water is, but this results in a very different natural whirlpool. small whirlpool are also available at most sites waterfall. For large waterfalls such as Niagara Falls, the epicenter pusarnya may be quite strong. The most powerful vortex generated in the narrow and shallow straits with fast flowing water.

Lightning

Lightning is a natural phenomenon that can we analogy with a giant capacitor , wherein the first plate is the cloud (can be negative or positive plate plates) and the second plate is of the earth (considered neutral) . As already known capacitor is a passive component in an electrical circuit that could store the instantaneous energy (energy storage) . Lightning can occur from cloud to cloud (intercloud) , where one cloud of negatively charged and the other positively charged cloud .

Lightning occurs because there is a potential difference between the cloud and the earth or to other clouds . The process of charge on a cloud as he moves continuously on a regular basis , and during the movement he will interact with other clouds that are gathering a negative charge on one side (top or bottom) , while the positive charge gathered on the reverse side . If the potential difference between a cloud and the earth is large enough , there will be a discharge of negative charge (electrons) from the cloud to the earth or vice versa to achieve equilibrium . In this dumping process , the media through which the electron is air . By the time the electrons are able to penetrate this threshold insulating air explosion sound . Thunderstorms are more common during the rainy season , due to the state of air containing a higher water content so that power down insulation and current flows more easily . Because there is a cloud of negatively charged and positively charged cloud , the lightning can also occur between different cloud charge .

Crop Circle

A crop circle is a sizable pattern created by the flattening of a crop such as wheat, barley, rye, maize, or rapeseed. Crop circles are also referred to as crop formations because they are not always circular in shape. The documented cases have substantially increased from the 1970s to current times. In 1991, two hoaxers claimed authorship of many circles throughout England.

Twenty-six countries reported approximately 10,000 crop circles in the last third of the 20th century; 90% of those were located in southern England. Circles in the UK are not spread randomly across the landscape, but they are appear near roads, areas of medium to dense population, and cultural heritage monuments, such as Stonehenge or Avebury, and always in areas of easy access. Archeological remains can cause cropmarks in the fields in the shapes of circles and squares, but they do not appear overnight, and they are always in the same places every year.

The scientific consensus is that most or all crop circles are man-made, with a few possible exceptions due to meteorological or other natural phenomena.